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Recently, the feasibility of some attacks have been reported, and it is actually possible to trick the iris recognition system with a printed iris, photo iris, and well-made color lens 7. There are also potential threats for iris-based systems.
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For example, it is possible to spoof the fingerprint scanner by using a printed gelatin mold over a real finger because this technology can fail to discriminate an artificial fingerprint 6. For example, some image features, such as those of the fingerprint and iris, which are used in a wide variety of applications ranging from smartphones to immigration identity authentication, could be easily spoofed and its anti-fake performance is threatened 5. However, the image-based biometrics methods also have their weaknesses 4. Most current biometric technologies are based on the structural features of acquired images, which have many advantages such as convenience and simplicity 3. Biometric systems play an important role in personal, national, and global security by significantly improving personal identification and authentication 2. Overall, our ratiometric analysis of impedance improved the classification accuracy of 41 subjects and reduced the error rate of classification from 29.32% to 5.86% (by a factor of 5).īiometric authentication relies on the individual unique biological characteristics (fingerprint, vein, iris, retina, face, etc.) of a person 1. By calculating the ratio of impedances, the difference between individual subjects was amplified and the spectral patterns were diversified. This study shows that the ratiometric features of the impedance of fingers in 10 different pairs using 5 electrodes at the fingertips can reduce the variation due to undesirable factors such as temperature and day-to-day physiological variations.
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In comparison to the traditional biometrics that relies on acquired images of structural information of physiological characteristics, our biological impedance approach not only eliminates any practical means of making fake copies of the relevant physiological traits but also provides reliable features of biometrics using the ratiometric impedance of fingers. We present a novel biometric authentication system enabled by ratiometric analysis of impedance of fingers.
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